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</style><table class="infobox vcard"><caption class="infobox-title fn org">Wikisource</caption><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span typeof="mw:File"></span></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1214851843">

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<span class="notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"></span><div class="infobox-caption">Detail of the Wikisource multilingual portal main page</div></div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;">Type of site</div></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="Digital_library" title="Digital library">Digital library</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Available in</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="Multilingual" class="mw-redirect" title="Multilingual">Multilingual</a> (81 active sub-domains)<sup id="cite_ref-Sitematrix_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Sitematrix-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Owner</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="Wikimedia_Foundation" title="Wikimedia Foundation">Wikimedia Foundation</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Created by</th><td class="infobox-data">User-generated</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">URL</th><td class="infobox-data url"><span class="url"><a class="external text external" href="https://wikisource.org">wikisource<wbr>.org</a></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Commercial</th><td class="infobox-data">No</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Registration</th><td class="infobox-data">Optional</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Launched</th><td class="infobox-data">November 24, 2003<span style="display:none"> (<span class="bday dtstart published updated">2003-11-24</span>)</span><sup id="cite_ref-ayersmatthewsyates_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ayersmatthewsyates-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Current status</th><td class="infobox-data category">Online</td></tr></tbody></table>

<p><b>Wikisource</b> is an online wiki-based <a href="Digital_library" title="Digital library">digital library</a> of <a href="Free-content" class="mw-redirect" title="Free-content">free-content</a> <a href="Source_text" title="Source text">textual sources</a> operated by the <a href="Wikimedia_Foundation" title="Wikimedia Foundation">Wikimedia Foundation</a>. Wikisource is the name of the project as a whole; it is also the name for each instance of that project, one for each language. The project's aim is to host all forms of free text, in many languages, and translations. Originally conceived as an archive to store useful or important historical texts, it has expanded to become a general-content library. The project officially began on November 24, 2003, under the name <b>Project Sourceberg</b>, a play on <a href="Project_Gutenberg" title="Project Gutenberg">Project Gutenberg</a>. The name Wikisource was adopted later that year and it received its own <a href="Domain_name" title="Domain name">domain name</a>.

</p><p>The project holds works that are either in the <a href="Public_domain" title="Public domain">public domain</a> or <a href="Freely_licensed" class="mw-redirect" title="Freely licensed">freely licensed</a>: professionally published works or historical source documents, not <a href="Vanity_press" title="Vanity press">vanity products</a>. Verification was initially made offline, or by trusting the reliability of other digital libraries. Now works are supported by online scans via the ProofreadPage extension, which ensures the reliability and accuracy of the project's texts.

</p><p>Some individual Wikisources, each representing a specific language, now only allow works backed up with scans. While the bulk of its collection are texts, Wikisource as a whole hosts other media, from comics to film to <a href="Audiobook" title="Audiobook">audiobooks</a>. Some Wikisources allow user-generated annotations, subject to the specific policies of the Wikisource in question. The project has come under criticism for lack of reliability but it is also cited by organisations such as the <a href="National_Archives_and_Records_Administration" title="National Archives and Records Administration">National Archives and Records Administration</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-NationalArchivesMention_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NationalArchivesMention-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>

</p><p>As of August 2025, there are Wikisource subdomains active for 81 languages<sup id="cite_ref-Sitematrix_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Sitematrix-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> comprising a total of 6,545,771 articles and 2,563 recently active editors.<sup id="cite_ref-Siteinfo_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Siteinfo-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>

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<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2></div>

<p>The original concept for Wikisource was as storage for useful or important historical texts. These texts were intended to support <a href="Wikipedia" title="Wikipedia">Wikipedia</a> articles, by providing primary evidence and original source texts, and as an archive in its own right. The collection was initially focused on important historical and cultural material, distinguishing it from other digital archives like Project Gutenberg.<sup id="cite_ref-ayersmatthewsyates_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ayersmatthewsyates-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>

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<p>The project was originally called Project Sourceberg during its planning stages (a play on words for Project Gutenberg).<sup id="cite_ref-ayersmatthewsyates_2-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ayersmatthewsyates-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>

</p><p>In 2001, there was a dispute on Wikipedia regarding the addition of primary-source materials, leading to <a href="Edit_war" class="mw-redirect" title="Edit war">edit wars</a> over their inclusion or deletion. Project Sourceberg was suggested as a solution to this. In describing the proposed project, user The Cunctator said, "It would be to Project Gutenberg what Wikipedia is to <a href="Nupedia" title="Nupedia">Nupedia</a>",<sup id="cite_ref-Cunctator_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Cunctator-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> soon clarifying the statement with "we don't want to try to duplicate Project Gutenberg's efforts; rather, we want to complement them. Perhaps Project Sourceberg can mainly work as an interface for easily linking from Wikipedia to a Project Gutenberg file, and as an interface for people to easily submit new work to PG."<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Initial comments were skeptical, with <a href="Larry_Sanger" title="Larry Sanger">Larry Sanger</a> questioning the need for the project, writing "The hard question, I guess, is why we are reinventing the wheel, when Project Gutenberg already exists? We'd want to complement Project Gutenberg—how, exactly?",<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and <a href="Jimmy_Wales" title="Jimmy Wales">Jimmy Wales</a> adding "like Larry, I'm interested that we think it over to see what we can add to Project Gutenberg. It seems unlikely that primary sources should in general be editable by anyone — I mean, Shakespeare is Shakespeare, unlike our commentary on his work, which is whatever we want it to be."<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>

</p><p>The project began its activity at ps.wikipedia.org. The contributors understood the "PS" subdomain to mean either "primary sources" or Project Sourceberg.<sup id="cite_ref-Cunctator_5-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Cunctator-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> However, this resulted in Project Sourceberg occupying the subdomain of the <a href="Pashto_Wikipedia" class="mw-redirect" title="Pashto Wikipedia">Pashto Wikipedia</a> (the <a href="ISO_639-1" title="ISO 639-1">ISO language code</a> of the <a href="Pashto_language" class="mw-redirect" title="Pashto language">Pashto language</a> is "ps").

</p><p>Project Sourceberg officially launched on November 24, 2003, when it received its own temporary URL, at sources.wikipedia.org, and all texts and discussions hosted on ps.wikipedia.org were moved to the temporary address. A vote on the project's name changed it to Wikisource on December 6, 2003. Despite the change in name, the project did not move to its permanent URL (<a href="https://wikisource.org/wiki/" class="extiw external" title="oldwikisource:">http://wikisource.org/</a>) until July 23, 2004.<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>

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<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Logo_and_slogan">Logo and slogan</h2></div>

<p>Since Wikisource was initially called "Project Sourceberg", its first logo was a picture of an <a href="Iceberg" title="Iceberg">iceberg</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-ayersmatthewsyates_2-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ayersmatthewsyates-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Two votes conducted to choose a successor were inconclusive, and the original logo remained until 2006. Finally, for both legal and technical reasons—because the picture's license was inappropriate for a Wikimedia Foundation logo and because a photo cannot scale properly—a stylized vector iceberg inspired by the original picture was mandated to serve as the project's logo.

</p><p>The first prominent use of Wikisource's slogan—<i>The Free Library</i>—was at the project's <a href="https://wikisource.org/wiki/Main_Page" class="extiw external" title="oldwikisource:Main Page">multilingual portal</a>, when it was redesigned based upon the Wikipedia portal on August 27, 2005, (historical version).<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> As in the Wikipedia portal the Wikisource slogan appears around the logo in the project's ten largest languages.

</p><p>Clicking on the portal's central images (the iceberg logo in the center and the "Wikisource" heading at the top of the page) links to a <i><a href="https://wikisource.org/wiki/Wikisource" class="extiw external" title="oldwikisource:Wikisource">list of translations</a></i> for <i>Wikisource</i> and <i>The Free Library</i> in 60 languages.

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<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Tools_built">Tools built</h2></div>

<p>A <a href="MediaWiki" title="MediaWiki">MediaWiki</a> extension called ProofreadPage was developed for Wikisource by developer ThomasV to improve the vetting of transcriptions by the project. This displays pages of scanned works side by side with the text relating to that page, allowing the text to be <a href="Proofreading" title="Proofreading">proofread</a> and its accuracy later verified independently by any other editor.<sup id="cite_ref-Springer2010_11-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Springer2010-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Once a book, or other text, has been scanned, the raw images can be modified with <a href="Image_processing" class="mw-redirect" title="Image processing">image processing</a> software to correct for page rotations and other problems. The retouched images can then be converted into a <a href="Portable_Document_Format" class="mw-redirect" title="Portable Document Format">PDF</a> or <a href="DjVu" title="DjVu">DjVu</a> file and uploaded to either Wikisource or <a href="Wikimedia_Commons" title="Wikimedia Commons">Wikimedia Commons</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Springer2010_11-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Springer2010-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>

</p><p>This system assists editors in ensuring the accuracy of texts on Wikisource. The original page scans of completed works remain available to any user so that errors may be corrected later and readers may check texts against the originals. ProofreadPage also allows greater participation, since access to a physical copy of the original work is not necessary to be able to contribute to the project once images have been uploaded.

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<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Milestones">Milestones</h2></div>

<p>Within two weeks of the project's official start at sources.wikipedia.org, over 1,000 pages had been created, with approximately 200 of these being designated as actual articles. On January 4, 2004, Wikisource welcomed its 100th registered user. In early July, 2004 the number of articles exceeded 2,400, and more than 500 users had registered.

</p><p>On April 30, 2005, there were 2667 registered users (including 18 administrators) and almost 19,000 articles. The project passed its 96,000th edit that same day.

</p><p>On November 27, 2005, the <a href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/en:" class="extiw external" title="s:en:">English Wikisource</a> passed 20,000 text-units in its third month of existence, already holding more texts than did the entire project in April (before the move to language subdomains).

</p><p>On May 10, 2006, the <span class=""><a class="external text external" href="https://fr.wikisource.org/w/index.php?title=Portail:Philosophie&oldid=91377">first Wikisource Portal</a></span> was created.

</p><p>On February 14, 2008, the English Wikisource passed 100,000 text-units with <a href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Six_Months_at_the_White_House/LXXIV" class="extiw external" title="wikisource:Six Months at the White House/LXXIV">Chapter LXXIV</a> of <i><a href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Six_Months_at_the_White_House" class="extiw external" title="wikisource:Six Months at the White House">Six Months at the White House</a></i>, a memoir by painter <a href="Francis_Bicknell_Carpenter" title="Francis Bicknell Carpenter">Francis Bicknell Carpenter</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>

</p><p>In November, 2011, 250,000 text-units milestone was passed.

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<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Library_contents">Library contents</h2></div>

<p>Wikisource collects and stores in <a href="Digitizing" class="mw-redirect" title="Digitizing">digital format</a> previously published texts; including novels, non-fiction works, letters, speeches, constitutional and historical documents, laws and a range of other documents. All texts collected are either free of copyright or released under the <a href="Creative_Commons" title="Creative Commons">Creative Commons Attribution/Share-Alike License</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-ayersmatthewsyates_2-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ayersmatthewsyates-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Texts in all languages are welcomed, as are translations. In addition to texts, Wikisource hosts material such as <a href="Comics" title="Comics">comics</a>, <a href="Film" title="Film">films</a>, recordings and <a href="Spoken_word" title="Spoken word">spoken-word</a> works.<sup id="cite_ref-ayersmatthewsyates_2-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ayersmatthewsyates-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> All texts held by Wikisource must have been previously published; the project does not host "<a href="Vanity_press" title="Vanity press">vanity press</a>" books or documents produced by its contributors.<sup id="cite_ref-ayersmatthewsyates_2-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ayersmatthewsyates-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Boot_18-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Boot-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>

</p><p>A scanned source is preferred on many Wikisources and required on some. Most Wikisources will, however, accept works transcribed from offline sources or acquired from <a href="List_of_digital_library_projects" title="List of digital library projects">other digital libraries</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-ayersmatthewsyates_2-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ayersmatthewsyates-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The requirement for prior publication can also be waived in a small number of cases if the work is a source document of notable historical importance. The legal requirement for works to be licensed or free of copyright remains constant.

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<div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Annotations_and_translations_–_the_difference_to_Wikibooks">Annotations and translations – the difference to Wikibooks</h3></div>

<p>The only original pieces accepted by Wikisource are annotations and translations.<sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Wikisource, and its sister project <a href="Wikibooks" title="Wikibooks">Wikibooks</a>, has the capacity for <a href="Annotated_novel" class="mw-redirect" title="Annotated novel">annotated editions</a> of texts. On Wikisource, the annotations are supplementary to the original text, which remains the primary objective of the project. By contrast, on Wikibooks the annotations are primary, with the original text as only a reference or supplement, if present at all.<sup id="cite_ref-Boot_18-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Boot-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Annotated editions are more popular on the German Wikisource.<sup id="cite_ref-Boot_18-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Boot-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The project also accommodates translations of texts provided by its users. A significant translation on the English Wikisource is the <a href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Wikisource:WikiProject_Wiki_Bible" class="extiw external" title="wikisource:Wikisource:WikiProject Wiki Bible">Wiki Bible</a> project, intended to create a new, "laissez-faire translation" of <a href="The_Bible" class="mw-redirect" title="The Bible">The Bible</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-newsweek_20-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-newsweek-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>

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<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Structure">Structure</h2></div>

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Language_subdomains">Language subdomains</h3></div>

<p>A separate <a href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/he:%D7%A2%D7%9E%D7%95%D7%93_%D7%A8%D7%90%D7%A9%D7%99" class="extiw external" title="s:he:עמוד ראשי">Hebrew version</a> of Wikisource (<a href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/he:%D7%A2%D7%9E%D7%95%D7%93_%D7%A8%D7%90%D7%A9%D7%99" class="extiw external" title="s:he:עמוד ראשי">he.wikisource.org</a>) was created in August 2004. The need for a language-specific <a href="Hebrew_language" title="Hebrew language">Hebrew</a> website derived from the difficulty of typing and editing Hebrew texts in a <a href="Bi-directional_text" class="mw-redirect" title="Bi-directional text">left-to-right</a> environment (Hebrew is written right-to-left). In the ensuing months, contributors in other languages including <a href="German_language" title="German language">German</a> requested their own wikis, but a December vote on the creation of separate language domains was inconclusive. Finally, a <a href="https://wikisource.org/wiki/Wikisource:New_vote_on_language_subdomains" class="extiw external" title="oldwikisource:Wikisource:New vote on language subdomains">second vote</a> that ended May 12, 2005, supported the adoption of separate language subdomains at Wikisource by a large margin, allowing each language to host its texts on its own wiki.

</p><p>An initial wave of 14 languages was set up on August 23, 2005.<sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The new languages did not include English, but the code en: was temporarily set to redirect to the main website (<a href="https://wikisource.org/wiki/" class="extiw external" title="oldwikisource:">wikisource.org</a>). At this point the Wikisource community, through a mass project of manually sorting thousands of pages and categories by language, prepared for a second wave of page imports to local wikis. On September 11, 2005, the wikisource.org wiki was reconfigured to enable the <a href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/" class="extiw external" title="s:">English version</a>, along with 8 other languages that were created early that morning and late the night before.<sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Three more languages were created on March 29, 2006,<sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and then another large wave of 14 language domains was created on June 2, 2006.<sup id="cite_ref-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>

</p><p>Languages without subdomains are locally incubated. As of September 2020, 182 languages are <a href="https://wikisource.org/wiki/Category:Main_Pages" class="extiw external" title="oldwikisource:Category:Main Pages">hosted locally</a>.

</p><p>As of August 2025, there are Wikisource subdomains for 83 languages of which 81 are active and 2 are closed.<sup id="cite_ref-Sitematrix_1-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Sitematrix-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The active sites have 6,545,771 articles and the closed sites have 13 articles.<sup id="cite_ref-Siteinfo_4-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Siteinfo-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> There are 5,086,145 registered users of which 2,563 are recently active.<sup id="cite_ref-Siteinfo_4-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Siteinfo-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>

</p>

<caption>Top ten Wikisource language projects by mainspace article count:<sup id="cite_ref-Siteinfo_4-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Siteinfo-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>

</caption>

<th>Language</th>

<th>Total</th>

<th>Edits</th>

<th>Admins</th>

<th>Users</th>

<th>Active users</th>

<th>Files

</th></tr>

<td>1

</td>

<td>Polish

</td>

</td>

<td>1,225,835

</td>

<td>1,265,231

</td>

<td>3,893,941

</td>

<td>14

</td>

<td>39,996

</td>

<td>66

</td>

<td>127

</td></tr>

<td>2

</td>

<td>English

</td>

</td>

<td>1,109,605

</td>

<td>4,688,998

</td>

<td>15,262,687

</td>

<td>19

</td>

<td>3,177,119

</td>

<td>443

</td>

<td>16,710

</td></tr>

<td>3

</td>

<td>French

</td>

</td>

<td>620,212

</td>

<td>4,516,244

</td>

<td>15,259,165

</td>

<td>16

</td>

<td>155,512

</td>

<td>214

</td>

<td>3,826

</td></tr>

<td>4

</td>

<td>Russian

</td>

</td>

<td>617,774

</td>

<td>1,119,338

</td>

<td>5,601,944

</td>

<td>5

</td>

<td>128,530

</td>

<td>103

</td>

<td>32,842

</td></tr>

<td>5

</td>

<td>German

</td>

</td>

<td>596,412

</td>

<td>650,753

</td>

<td>4,603,512

</td>

<td>17

</td>

<td>87,335

</td>

<td>119

</td>

<td>6,922

</td></tr>

<td>6

</td>

<td>Chinese

</td>

</td>

<td>481,551

</td>

<td>1,156,251

</td>

<td>2,561,062

</td>

<td>8

</td>

<td>114,605

</td>

<td>146

</td>

<td>230

</td></tr>

<td>7

</td>

<td>Ukrainian

</td>

</td>

<td>339,165

</td>

<td>496,124

</td>

<td>965,636

</td>

<td>6

</td>

<td>19,828

</td>

<td>88

</td>

<td>136

</td></tr>

<td>8

</td>

<td>Hebrew

</td>

</td>

<td>251,644

</td>

<td>1,660,024

</td>

<td>2,951,322

</td>

<td>16

</td>

<td>42,939

</td>

<td>99

</td>

<td>557

</td></tr>

<td>9

</td>

<td>Italian

</td>

</td>

<td>210,151

</td>

<td>834,952

</td>

<td>3,553,641

</td>

<td>9

</td>

<td>76,940

</td>

<td>68

</td>

<td>686

</td></tr>

<td>10

</td>

<td>Spanish

</td>

</td>

<td>86,379

</td>

<td>317,588

</td>

<td>1,574,521

</td>

<td>8

</td>

<td>93,340

</td>

<td>39

</td>

<td>231

</td></tr></tbody></table>

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="wikisource.org">wikisource.org</h3></div>

<p>During the move to language subdomains, the community requested that the main <a href="https://wikisource.org/wiki/" class="extiw external" title="oldwikisource:">wikisource.org</a> website remain a functioning wiki, in order to serve three purposes:

</p>

<ol><li><i>To be a multilingual coordination site for the entire Wikisource project in all languages.</i> In practice, use of the website for multilingual coordination has not been heavy since the conversion to language domains. Nevertheless, there is some policy activity at the <a href="https://wikisource.org/wiki/Wikisource:Scriptorium" class="extiw external" title="oldwikisource:Wikisource:Scriptorium">Scriptorium</a>, and multilingual updates for news and language milestones at pages such as <a href="https://wikisource.org/wiki/Wikisource:2007" class="extiw external" title="oldwikisource:Wikisource:2007">Wikisource:2007</a>.</li>

<li><i>To be a home for texts in languages without their own subdomains, each with its own local main page for self-organization.</i><sup id="cite_ref-25" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> As a language incubator, the wiki currently provides a home for over 30 languages that do not yet have their own language subdomains. Some of these are very active, and have built libraries with hundreds of texts (such as <a href="Volap%C3%BCk" title="Volapük">Volapük</a>).</li>

<li><i>To provide direct, ongoing support by a local wiki community for a dynamic multilingual portal at its Main Page, for users who go to <a href="https://wikisource.org/wiki/" class="extiw external" title="oldwikisource:">http://wikisource.org</a>.</i> The current <a href="https://wikisource.org/wiki/" class="extiw external" title="oldwikisource:">Main Page portal</a> was created on August 26, 2005, by <a href="https://wikisource.org/wiki/User:ThomasV" class="extiw external" title="oldwikisource:User:ThomasV">ThomasV</a>, who based it upon the Wikipedia portal.</li></ol>

<p>The idea of a project-specific coordination wiki, first realized at Wikisource, also took hold in another Wikimedia project, namely at <a href="Wikiversity" title="Wikiversity">Wikiversity</a>'s <a href="https://en.wikiversity.org/wiki/Beta:Main_Page" class="extiw external" title="v:Beta:Main Page">Beta Wiki</a>. Like wikisource.org, it serves Wikiversity coordination in all languages, and as a language incubator, but unlike Wikisource, its <a href="https://en.wikiversity.org/wiki/Beta:Main_Page" class="extiw external" title="v:Beta:Main Page">Main Page</a> does not serve as its multilingual portal.<sup id="cite_ref-26" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>

</p>

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Reception">Reception</h2></div>

<p>Wikipedia co-founder <a href="Larry_Sanger" title="Larry Sanger">Larry Sanger</a> criticised Wikisource and sister project <a href="Wiktionary" title="Wiktionary">Wiktionary</a> in 2011, after he left the project, saying that their collaborative nature and technology means that there is no oversight by experts, and alleging that their content is therefore not reliable.<sup id="cite_ref-27" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>

</p><p><a href="Bart_D._Ehrman" title="Bart D. Ehrman">Bart D. Ehrman</a>, a New Testament scholar and professor of religious studies at the <a href="University_of_North_Carolina_at_Chapel_Hill" title="University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill">University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill</a>, has criticised the English Wikisource's project to create a user-generated translation of the Bible saying "Democratization isn't necessarily good for scholarship."<sup id="cite_ref-newsweek_20-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-newsweek-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="Richard_Elliott_Friedman" title="Richard Elliott Friedman">Richard Elliott Friedman</a>, an Old Testament scholar and professor of Jewish studies at the <a href="University_of_Georgia" title="University of Georgia">University of Georgia</a>, identified errors in the translation of the <a href="Book_of_Genesis" title="Book of Genesis">Book of Genesis</a> as of 2008.<sup id="cite_ref-newsweek_20-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-newsweek-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>

</p><p>In 2010, Wikimedia France signed an agreement with the <span title="French-language text"><span lang="fr" style="font-style: normal;"><a href="Biblioth%C3%A8que_nationale_de_France" title="Bibliothèque nationale de France">Bibliothèque nationale de France</a></span></span> (National Library of France) to add scans from its own <i>Gallica</i> digital library to French Wikisource. Fourteen hundred public domain French texts were added to the Wikisource library as a result via upload to the <a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/" class="extiw external" title="commons:">Wikimedia Commons</a>. The quality of the transcriptions, previously automatically generated by <a href="Optical_character_recognition" title="Optical character recognition">optical character recognition</a> (OCR), was expected to be improved by Wikisource's human proofreaders.<sup id="cite_ref-28" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-29" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-30" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>

</p>

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<div class="side-box-text plainlist">Wikisource has original works on the topic: <i><b><a href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Portal:National_Archives_and_Records_Administration_Collection" class="extiw external" title="s:Portal:National Archives and Records Administration Collection">National Archives and Records Administration Collection</a></b></i></div></div>

</div>

<p>In 2011, the English Wikisource received many high-quality scans of documents from the US <a href="National_Archives_and_Records_Administration" title="National Archives and Records Administration">National Archives and Records Administration</a> (NARA) as part of their efforts "to increase the accessibility and visibility of its holdings." Processing and upload to Commons of these documents, along with many images from the NARA collection, was facilitated by a NARA <a href="Wikimedian_in_residence" class="mw-redirect" title="Wikimedian in residence">Wikimedian in residence</a>, Dominic McDevitt-Parks. Many of these documents have been transcribed and proofread by the Wikisource community and are featured as links in the National Archives' own online catalog.<sup id="cite_ref-31" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>

</p>

<ul><li><a href="Internet_Archive" title="Internet Archive">Internet Archive</a> – non-profit digital library</li>

<li><a href="Open_Library" title="Open Library">Open Library</a> – an online database and repository of books, created by the Internet Archive</li></ul>

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2></div>

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<li id="cite_note-Sitematrix-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Sitematrix_1-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Sitematrix_1-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Sitematrix_1-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="Wikimedia" class="mw-redirect" title="Wikimedia">Wikimedia</a>'s <a href="MediaWiki" title="MediaWiki">MediaWiki</a> <a href="https://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/API:Sitematrix" class="extiw external" title="mw:API:Sitematrix">API:Sitematrix</a>. Retrieved August 2025 from <a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Data:Wikipedia_statistics/meta.tab" class="extiw external" title="c:Data:Wikipedia statistics/meta.tab">Data:Wikipedia statistics/meta.tab</a></span>

</li>

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</style><cite id="CITEREFAyersMatthewsYates2008" class="citation book cs1">Ayers, Phoebe; Matthews, Charles; Yates, Ben (2008). <span class="id-lock-registration" title="Free registration required"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/howwikipediawork00ayer_0/page/435"><i>How Wikipedia Works</i></a></span>. No Starch Press. pp. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/howwikipediawork00ayer_0/page/435">435–436</a>. <a href="ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <bdi>978-1-59327-176-3</bdi>.</cite></span>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-NationalArchivesMention-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-NationalArchivesMention_3-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.archives.gov/citizen-archivist/transcribe/">"Transcribe | Citizen Archivist"</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20131031144924/http://www.archives.gov/citizen-archivist/transcribe/">Archived</a> from the original on 31 October 2013<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">4 October</span> 2013</span>.</cite></span>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-Siteinfo-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Siteinfo_4-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Siteinfo_4-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Siteinfo_4-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Siteinfo_4-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="Wikimedia" class="mw-redirect" title="Wikimedia">Wikimedia</a>'s <a href="MediaWiki" title="MediaWiki">MediaWiki</a> <a href="https://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/API:Siteinfo" class="extiw external" title="mw:API:Siteinfo">API:Siteinfo</a>. Retrieved August 2025 from <a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Data:Wikipedia_statistics/data.tab" class="extiw external" title="c:Data:Wikipedia statistics/data.tab">Data:Wikipedia statistics/data.tab</a></span>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-Cunctator-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Cunctator_5-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Cunctator_5-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite id="CITEREFThe_Cunctator2001" class="citation web cs1">The Cunctator (2001-10-16). <a class="external text external" href="https://nostalgia.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia_commentary/Project_Sourceberg&diff=prev&oldid=54331">"Primary sources Pedia, or Project Sourceberg"</a>. <a href="Wikipedia" title="Wikipedia">Wikipedia</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160314191731/https://nostalgia.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia_commentary%2FProject_Sourceberg&diff=prev&oldid=54331">Archived</a> from the original on 2016-03-14<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2011-07-05</span></span>.</cite></span>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite id="CITEREFThe_Cunctator2001" class="citation web cs1">The Cunctator (2001-10-16). <a class="external text external" href="https://nostalgia.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia_commentary/Project_Sourceberg&direction=prev&oldid=54333">"Primary sources Pedia, or Project Sourceberg"</a>. <a href="Wikipedia" title="Wikipedia">Wikipedia</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20181120024745/https://nostalgia.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia_commentary%2FProject_Sourceberg&direction=prev&oldid=54333">Archived</a> from the original on 2018-11-20<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2012-03-24</span></span>.</cite></span>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite id="CITEREFSanger2001" class="citation web cs1"><a href="Larry_Sanger" title="Larry Sanger">Sanger, Larry</a> (2001-10-17). <a class="external text external" href="https://nostalgia.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia_commentary/Project_Sourceberg&oldid=54338">"Primary sources Pedia, or Project Sourceberg"</a>. <a href="Wikipedia" title="Wikipedia">Wikipedia</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220409012446/https://nostalgia.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia_commentary%2FProject_Sourceberg&oldid=54338">Archived</a> from the original on 2022-04-09<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2012-03-24</span></span>.</cite></span>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite id="CITEREFWales2001" class="citation web cs1"><a href="Jimmy_Wales" title="Jimmy Wales">Wales, Jimmy</a> (2001-10-17). <a class="external text external" href="https://nostalgia.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia_commentary/Project_Sourceberg&oldid=54338">"Primary sources Pedia, or Project Sourceberg"</a>. <a href="Wikipedia" title="Wikipedia">Wikipedia</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220409012446/https://nostalgia.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia_commentary%2FProject_Sourceberg&oldid=54338">Archived</a> from the original on 2022-04-09<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2012-03-24</span></span>.</cite></span>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite id="CITEREFStarling2004" class="citation web cs1">Starling, Tim (2004-07-23). <a class="external text external" href="https://wikisource.org/w/index.php?title=Wikisource:Scriptorium&diff=11750&oldid=11747">"Scriptorium"</a>. Wikisource. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20131015060038/http://wikisource.org/w/index.php?title=Wikisource:Scriptorium&diff=11750&oldid=11747">Archived</a> from the original on 2013-10-15<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2011-07-05</span></span>.</cite></span>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a class="external text external" href="https://wikisource.org/w/index.php?title=Main_Page&oldid=158605">"Wikisource.org"</a>. Wikisource.org. 2005-08-27. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20131110052505/http://wikisource.org/w/index.php?title=Main_Page&oldid=158605">Archived</a> from the original on 2013-11-10<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2011-07-05</span></span>.</cite></span>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-Springer2010-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Springer2010_11-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Springer2010_11-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite id="CITEREFBernierBurgerMarmol2010" class="citation book cs1">Bernier, Alex; Burger, Dominique; Marmol, Bruno (2010). "Wiki, a New Way to Produce Accessible Documents". In Miesenberger, Klaus; Klaus, Joachim; Zagler, Wolfgang; Karshmer, Arthur (eds.). <i>Computers Helping People with Special Needs</i>. Springer. pp. <span class="nowrap">22–</span>24. <a href="ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <bdi>978-3-642-14096-9</bdi>.</cite></span>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-12">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="https://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Extension:Proofread_Page" class="extiw external" title="mw:Extension:Proofread Page">Proofread Page extension</a> at MediaWiki. Retrieved 2011-09-29.</span>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-13">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="https://wikisource.org/wiki/Wikisource:ProofreadPage" class="extiw external" title="oldwikisource:Wikisource:ProofreadPage">ProofreadPage</a> at Wikisource.org. Retrieved 2011-09-29.</span>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-14">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Wikisource:Scriptorium/Archives/2008-04#100K" class="extiw external" title="wikisource:Wikisource:Scriptorium/Archives/2008-04">"100K"</a> discussion on Scriptorium. <i>English Wikisource</i>. 14 February 2008. Retrieved 2011-09-29.</span>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-15">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://wikimediafoundation.org/wiki/Mission_statement">"Mission statement"</a>. <a href="Wikimedia_Foundation" title="Wikimedia Foundation">Wikimedia Foundation</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20080117000000/http://wikimediafoundation.org/wiki/Mission_statement">Archived</a> from the original on 2008-01-17<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2011-07-08</span></span>.</cite></span>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-16">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a class="external text external" href="https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Wikisource">"Wikisource"</a>. <i>Wikimedia.org</i>. <a href="Wikimedia_Foundation" title="Wikimedia Foundation">Wikimedia Foundation</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110713065136/http://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Wikisource">Archived</a> from the original on 2011-07-13<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2011-07-08</span></span>.</cite></span>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-17">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a class="external text external" href="https://wikisource.org/wiki/Wikisource:What_is_Wikisource%3F#What_do_we_exclude.3F">"What is Wikisource?—What do we exclude?"</a>. <i>Wikisource.org</i>. Wikisource. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110709021034/http://wikisource.org/wiki/Wikisource:What_is_Wikisource%3F#What_do_we_exclude.3F">Archived</a> from the original on 2011-07-09<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2011-07-08</span></span>.</cite></span>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-Boot-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Boot_18-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Boot_18-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Boot_18-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite id="CITEREFBoot2009" class="citation book cs1">Boot, Peter (2009). <i>Mesotext</i>. Amsterdam University Press. pp. <span class="nowrap">34–</span>35. <a href="ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <bdi>978-90-8555-052-5</bdi>.</cite></span>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-19">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite id="CITEREFBroughton2008" class="citation book cs1">Broughton, John (2008). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/isbn_9780596521745/page/23"><i>Wikipedia Reader's Guide: The Missing Manual</i></a>. O'Reilly Media, Inc. p. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/isbn_9780596521745/page/23">23</a>. <a href="ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <bdi>978-0-596-52174-5</bdi>.</cite></span>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-newsweek-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-newsweek_20-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-newsweek_20-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-newsweek_20-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite id="CITEREFPhilips2008" class="citation news cs1">Philips, Matthew (June 14, 2008). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.newsweek.com/id/141516">"God's Word, According to Wikipedia"</a>. <i><a href="Newsweek" title="Newsweek">Newsweek</a></i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090416105241/http://www.newsweek.com/id/141516">Archived</a> from the original on April 16, 2009<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">September 29,</span> 2011</span>.</cite></span>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-21">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a class="external text external" href="https://wikitech.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Server_admin_log/Archive_5#August_23">Server admin log for August 23, 2005</a>; a fifteenth language (sr:) was created on August 25 (above).</span>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-22"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-22">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">See the <a class="external text external" href="https://wikitech.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Server_admin_log/Archive_5&oldid=6091#September_11">Server admin log for September 11, 2005, at 01:20 and below (September 10) at 22:49.</a></span>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-23"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-23">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a class="external text external" href="https://wikitech.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Server_admin_log/Archive_7#March_29">"Server Admin Log/Archive 7 - March 29"</a>. Wikitech. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150402075225/https://wikitech.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Server_admin_log%2FArchive_7#March_29">Archived</a> from the original on 2015-04-02<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2011-07-05</span></span>.</cite></span>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-24"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-24">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a class="external text external" href="https://wikitech.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Server_admin_log/Archive_7#June_2">"Server Admin Log/Archive 7 - June 2"</a>. Wikitech. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150402075225/https://wikitech.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Server_admin_log%2FArchive_7#June_2">Archived</a> from the original on 2015-04-02<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2011-07-05</span></span>.</cite></span>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-25"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-25">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">For an automatic list of local main pages, see <a href="https://wikisource.org/wiki/Category:Main_Pages" class="extiw external" title="oldwikisource:Category:Main Pages">Category:Main Pages</a>; for a formatted list, see the <b>wikisource.org</b> section of the <a href="https://wikisource.org/wiki/" class="extiw external" title="oldwikisource:">Wikisource portal</a>.</span>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-26"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-26">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a class="external text external" href="https://wikiversity.org/">"Wikiversity.org"</a>. Wikiversity.org. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20100812152016/http://www.wikiversity.org/">Archived</a> from the original on 2010-08-12<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2011-07-05</span></span>.</cite></span>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-27"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-27">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite id="CITEREFAnderson2011" class="citation book cs1">Anderson, Jennifer Joline (2011). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/wikipediacompany0000ande/page/92"><i>Wikipedia: The Company and Its Founders</i></a>. ABDO. pp. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/wikipediacompany0000ande/page/92">92–93</a>. <a href="ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <bdi>978-1-61714-812-5</bdi>.</cite></span>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-28"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-28">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.itespresso.fr/la-bnf-prend-un-virage-collaboratif-avec-wikisource-34562.html">"La BNF prend un virage collaboratif avec Wikisource"</a> [BNF takes a collaborative turn with Wikisource]. <i>ITespresso</i> (in French). NetMediaEurope. April 8, 2010. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20111008064444/http://www.itespresso.fr/la-bnf-prend-un-virage-collaboratif-avec-wikisource-34562.html">Archived</a> from the original on 2011-10-08<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2011-09-29</span></span>.</cite></span>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-29"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-29">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110929162757/http://www.wikimedia.fr/wikim%C3%A9dia-france-signe-un-partenariat-avec-la-bnf">"Wikimédia France signe un partenariat avec la BnF"</a> [Wikimedia France sign a partnership with the BnF]. <i>Wikimédia France</i> (in French). April 7, 2010. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.wikimedia.fr/wikim%25C3%25A9dia-france-signe-un-partenariat-avec-la-bnf">the original</a> on September 29, 2011<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2011-09-29</span></span>.</cite></span>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-30"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-30">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">"French National Library to cooperate with Wikisource", <i>Wikipedia Signpost</i>. 2010-04-12.</span>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-31"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-31">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite id="CITEREFMcDevitt-ParksWaldman2011" class="citation web cs1">McDevitt-Parks, Dominic; Waldman, Robin (July 25, 2011). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://blogs.archives.gov/TextMessage/2011/07/25/wikimedia-and-the-new-collaborative-digital-archives/">"Wikimedia and the new collaborative digital archives"</a>. <i>The Text Message</i>. <a href="National_Archives_and_Records_Administration" title="National Archives and Records Administration">National Archives and Records Administration</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110913015100/http://blogs.archives.gov/TextMessage/2011/07/25/wikimedia-and-the-new-collaborative-digital-archives/">Archived</a> from the original on 2011-09-13<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2011-09-29</span></span>.</cite></span>

</li>

</ol></div></div>

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2></div>

<div class="side-box-text plainlist">Wikimedia Commons has media related to <a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Wikisource" class="extiw external" title="commons:Wikisource"><span style="font-style:italic; font-weight:bold;">Wikisource</span></a>.</div></div>

</div>

<div class="side-box-text plainlist">Wikiquote has quotations related to <i><b><a href="https://en.wikiquote.org/wiki/Special:Search/Wikisource" class="extiw external" title="q:Special:Search/Wikisource">Wikisource</a></b></i>.</div></div>

</div>

<p><b>Wikisource</b>

</p>

<ul><li><span class="official-website"><span class="url"><a class="external text external" href="https://wikisource.org/">Official website</a></span></span> </li>

<li>Wikipedia:List of Wikisources</li>

<li><a href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Wikisource:For_Wikipedians" class="extiw external" title="s:Wikisource:For Wikipedians">Wikisource:For Wikipedians</a></li></ul>

<p><b>About Wikisource</b>

</p>

<ul><li><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Danny_Wool_on_Wikisource" class="extiw external" title="wikimedia:Danny Wool on Wikisource">Danny Wool on Wikisource</a> (<a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/" class="extiw external" title="wikimedia:">Wikimedia Foundation</a> article).</li>

<li><a href="https://wikisource.org/wiki/User:Angela" class="extiw external" title="oldwikisource:User:Angela">A personal perspective on the history of Wikisource</a> by Angela Beesley</li>

<li><a href="https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Talk:Wikisource/Archives/2003#Historical_discussion" class="extiw external" title="m:Talk:Wikisource/Archives/2003">Early discussions and plans for the project</a> (Meta)</li></ul>

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</style><div id="Wikimedia_Foundation50" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="Wikimedia_Foundation" title="Wikimedia Foundation">Wikimedia Foundation</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">People</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Projects</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="Wikipedia_community" title="Wikipedia community">Wikipedia community (Wikipedians)</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Current</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="Maryana_Iskander" title="Maryana Iskander">Maryana Iskander</a></li>

<li><a href="Lisa_Seitz-Gruwell" title="Lisa Seitz-Gruwell">Lisa Seitz-Gruwell</a></li>

<li><a href="Dariusz_Jemielniak" title="Dariusz Jemielniak">Dariusz Jemielniak</a></li>

<li><a href="Rebecca_MacKinnon" title="Rebecca MacKinnon">Rebecca MacKinnon</a></li>

<li><a href="Raju_Narisetti" title="Raju Narisetti">Raju Narisetti</a></li>

<li><a href="Rosie_Stephenson-Goodknight" title="Rosie Stephenson-Goodknight">Rosie Stephenson-Goodknight</a></li>

<li><a href="Esra'a_Al_Shafei" title="Esra'a Al Shafei">Esra'a Al Shafei</a></li>

<li><a href="Jimmy_Wales" title="Jimmy Wales">Jimmy Wales</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Past</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="Hampton_Lintorn-Catlin" title="Hampton Lintorn-Catlin">Hampton Lintorn-Catlin</a></li>

<li><a href="Danese_Cooper" title="Danese Cooper">Danese Cooper</a></li>

<li><a href="Bishakha_Datta" title="Bishakha Datta">Bishakha Datta</a></li>

<li><a href="Florence_Devouard" title="Florence Devouard">Florence Devouard</a></li>

<li><a href="Oscar_van_Dillen" title="Oscar van Dillen">Oscar van Dillen</a></li>

<li><a href="Sue_Gardner" title="Sue Gardner">Sue Gardner</a></li>

<li><a href="Arnnon_Geshuri" title="Arnnon Geshuri">Arnnon Geshuri</a></li>

<li><a href="Mike_Godwin" title="Mike Godwin">Mike Godwin</a></li>

<li><a href="Aaron_Halfaker" title="Aaron Halfaker">Aaron Halfaker</a></li>

<li><a href="James_Heilman" title="James Heilman">James Heilman</a></li>

<li><a href="Guy_Kawasaki" title="Guy Kawasaki">Guy Kawasaki</a></li>

<li><a href="Patricio_Lorente" title="Patricio Lorente">Patricio Lorente</a></li>

<li><a href="Katherine_Maher" title="Katherine Maher">Katherine Maher</a></li>

<li><a href="Erik_M%C3%B6ller" title="Erik Möller">Erik Möller</a></li>

<li><a href="Larry_Sanger" title="Larry Sanger">Larry Sanger</a></li>

<li><a href="Mar%C3%ADa_Sefidari" title="María Sefidari">María Sefidari</a></li>

<li><a href="Lila_Tretikov" title="Lila Tretikov">Lila Tretikov</a></li>

<li><a href="Luis_Villa" title="Luis Villa">Luis Villa</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Projects</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="Wikipedia" title="Wikipedia">Wikipedia</a>

<ul><li><a href="History_of_Wikipedia" title="History of Wikipedia">history</a></li>

<li><a href="List_of_Wikipedias" title="List of Wikipedias">List of Wikipedias</a></li>

<li><a href="Censorship_of_Wikipedia" title="Censorship of Wikipedia">Censorship of Wikipedia</a></li></ul></li>

<li><a href="Wiktionary" title="Wiktionary">Wiktionary</a></li>

<li><a href="Wikimedia_Commons" title="Wikimedia Commons">Wikimedia Commons</a></li>

<li><a href="Wikidata" title="Wikidata">Wikidata</a></li>

<li><a href="Wikiquote" title="Wikiquote">Wikiquote</a></li>

<li><a href="Wikibooks" title="Wikibooks">Wikibooks</a></li>

<li><a href="Wikispecies" title="Wikispecies">Wikispecies</a></li>

<li><a href="Wikinews" title="Wikinews">Wikinews</a></li>

<li><a href="Wikiversity" title="Wikiversity">Wikiversity</a></li>

<li><a href="Wikivoyage" title="Wikivoyage">Wikivoyage</a></li>

<li><a href="Wikifunctions" title="Wikifunctions">Wikifunctions</a>

<ul><li><a href="Abstract_Wikipedia" title="Abstract Wikipedia">Abstract Wikipedia</a></li></ul></li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="Wikimedia_movement" title="Wikimedia movement">Wikimedia movement</a></li>

<li><a href="List_of_Wikimedia_chapters" title="List of Wikimedia chapters">List of Wikimedia chapters</a>

<ul><li><a href="Wikimedia_Bangladesh" title="Wikimedia Bangladesh">Bangladesh</a></li>

<li><a href="Wikimedia_Deutschland" title="Wikimedia Deutschland">Deutschland</a></li>

<li><a href="Wikimedia_Israel" title="Wikimedia Israel">Israel</a></li>

<li><a href="Wikimedia_Polska" title="Wikimedia Polska">Polska</a></li>

<li><a href="Wikimedia_Ukraine" title="Wikimedia Ukraine">Ukraine</a></li></ul></li>

<li><a href="Wikimania" title="Wikimania">Wikimania</a></li>

<li><a href="Wiki_Indaba" title="Wiki Indaba">Wiki Indaba</a></li>

<li><a href="WikiConference_India" title="WikiConference India">WikiConference India</a></li>

<li><a href="WikiConference_North_America" title="WikiConference North America">WikiConference North America</a></li>

<li><a href="MediaWiki" title="MediaWiki">MediaWiki</a></li>

<li><a href="Litigation_involving_the_Wikimedia_Foundation" title="Litigation involving the Wikimedia Foundation">Litigation</a>

<ul><li><a href="Monkey_selfie_copyright_dispute" title="Monkey selfie copyright dispute">Monkey selfie copyright dispute</a></li>

<li><i><a href="Wikimedia_Foundation_v._NSA" title="Wikimedia Foundation v. NSA">Wikimedia Foundation v. NSA</a></i></li></ul></li>

<li><a href="Knowledge_Engine_(search_engine)" title="Knowledge Engine (search engine)">Knowledge Engine</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Related</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><i><a href="The_Signpost" title="The Signpost">The Signpost</a></i></li>

<li><i><a href="Wikipedia_Monument" title="Wikipedia Monument">Wikipedia Monument</a></i></li>

<li><a href="Wikimedian_of_the_Year" title="Wikimedian of the Year">Wikimedian of the Year</a></li>

<li><a href="Tides_Foundation" title="Tides Foundation">Tides Foundation</a></li>

<li><a href="Artificial_intelligence_in_Wikimedia_projects" title="Artificial intelligence in Wikimedia projects">Artificial intelligence in Wikimedia projects</a></li>

<li><a href="Relationship_between_Google_and_Wikipedia" title="Relationship between Google and Wikipedia">Google and Wikipedia</a></li>

<li><a href="Wikipedia_for_World_Heritage" title="Wikipedia for World Heritage">Wikipedia for World Heritage</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>

<div class="navbox-styles"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Ebooks108" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Ebooks108" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="Ebook" title="Ebook">Ebooks</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="Comparison_of_e-book_formats" title="Comparison of e-book formats">Formats</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<li><a href="FictionBook" title="FictionBook">FictionBook</a></li>

<li><a href="Kindle_File_Format" title="Kindle File Format">Kindle File Format</a></li>

<li><a href="Mobipocket" title="Mobipocket">Mobipocket</a></li>

<li><a href="Text_file" title="Text file">Plain text</a></li>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Reading</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="E-reader" title="E-reader">Devices</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="Amazon_Kindle" title="Amazon Kindle">Amazon Kindle</a></li>

<li><a href="Barnes_%26_Noble_Nook" title="Barnes & Noble Nook">Barnes & Noble Nook</a></li>

<li><a href="Bookeen" title="Bookeen">Bookeen</a></li>

<li><a href="Elonex_ebook" class="mw-redirect" title="Elonex ebook">Elonex ebook</a></li>

<li><a href="EnTourage_eDGe" title="EnTourage eDGe">enTourage eDGe</a></li>

<li><a href="Hanlin_eReader" title="Hanlin eReader">Hanlin eReader</a></li>

<li><a href="IRiver_Story" title="IRiver Story">iRiver Story</a></li>

<li><a href="Kobo_eReader" title="Kobo eReader">Kobo eReader</a></li>

<li><a href="Plastic_Logic" title="Plastic Logic">Plastic Logic Reader</a></li>

<li><a href="PocketBook_International" title="PocketBook International">PocketBook eReader</a></li>

<li><a href="Rocket_eBook" title="Rocket eBook">Rocket eBook</a></li>

<li><a href="SoftBook" title="SoftBook">SoftBook</a></li>

<li><a href="Smartphone" title="Smartphone">Smartphones</a></li>

<li><a href="Tablet_computer" title="Tablet computer">Tablets</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Software</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="Adobe_Acrobat" title="Adobe Acrobat">Adobe Acrobat</a></li>

<li><a href="Adobe_Digital_Editions" title="Adobe Digital Editions">Adobe Digital Editions</a></li>

<li><a href="Aldiko" title="Aldiko">Aldiko</a></li>

<li><a href="Apple_Books" title="Apple Books">Apple Books</a> <small>(iBooks)</small></li>

<li><a href="Rakuten_Aquafadas" class="mw-redirect" title="Rakuten Aquafadas">Aquafadas</a></li>

<li><a href="Bluefire_Reader" title="Bluefire Reader">Bluefire Reader</a></li>

<li><a href="Calibre_(software)" title="Calibre (software)">Calibre</a></li>

<li><a href="FBReader" title="FBReader">FBReader</a></li>

<li><a href="Foliate_(software)" title="Foliate (software)">Foliate</a></li>

<li><a href="Google_Play_Books" title="Google Play Books">Google Play Books</a></li>

<li><a href="Kindle_app" class="mw-redirect" title="Kindle app">Kindle app</a></li>

<li><a href="Kitabu" title="Kitabu">Kitabu</a></li>

<li><a href="Lector_(software)" title="Lector (software)">Lector</a></li>

<li><a href="Lektz" title="Lektz">Lektz</a></li>

<li><a href="Lucifox" title="Lucifox">Lucifox</a></li>

<li><a href="Microsoft_Reader" title="Microsoft Reader">Microsoft Reader</a></li>

<li><a href="MuPDF" title="MuPDF">MuPDF</a></li>

<li><a href="Okular" title="Okular">Okular</a></li>

<li><a href="OverDrive_Media_Console" title="OverDrive Media Console">OverDrive Media Console</a></li>

<li><a href="Snapplify" title="Snapplify">Snapplify</a></li>

<li><a href="STDU_Viewer" title="STDU Viewer">STDU Viewer</a></li>

<li><a href="Sumatra_PDF" title="Sumatra PDF">Sumatra PDF</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Editing</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="ABBYY_FineReader" title="ABBYY FineReader">ABBYY FineReader</a></li>

<li><a href="AbiWord" title="AbiWord">AbiWord</a></li>

<li><a href="Adobe_InDesign" title="Adobe InDesign">Adobe InDesign</a></li>

<li><a href="Adobe_RoboHelp" title="Adobe RoboHelp">Adobe RoboHelp</a></li>

<li><a href="Rakuten_Aquafadas" class="mw-redirect" title="Rakuten Aquafadas">Aquafadas</a></li>

<li><a href="Atlantis_Word_Processor" title="Atlantis Word Processor">Atlantis Word Processor</a></li>

<li><a href="Booktype" title="Booktype">Booktype</a></li>

<li><a href="Calibre_(software)" title="Calibre (software)">Calibre</a></li>

<li><a href="Calligra" title="Calligra">Calligra Author</a></li>

<li><a href="Collabora_Online" title="Collabora Online">Collabora Online</a></li>

<li><a href="EXeLearning" title="EXeLearning">eXeLearning</a></li>

<li>Help & Manual</li>

<li><a href="HelpNDoc" title="HelpNDoc">HelpNDoc</a></li>

<li><a href="IBooks_Author" class="mw-redirect" title="IBooks Author">iBooks Author</a></li>

<li><a href="IStudio_Publisher" title="IStudio Publisher">iStudio Publisher</a></li>

<li><a href="LaTeX" title="LaTeX">LaTeX</a></li>

<li><a href="LibreOffice" title="LibreOffice">LibreOffice</a></li>

<li><a href="MadCap_Software" title="MadCap Software">MadCap Flare</a></li>

<li><a href="Oxygen_XML_Editor" title="Oxygen XML Editor">Oxygen XML Editor</a></li>

<li><a href="PagePlus" title="PagePlus">PagePlus</a></li>

<li><a href="Pages_(word_processor)" title="Pages (word processor)">Pages</a></li>

<li><a href="QuarkXPress" title="QuarkXPress">QuarkXPress</a></li>

<li><a href="Scrivener_(software)" title="Scrivener (software)">Scrivener</a></li>

<li><a href="Sigil_(application)" title="Sigil (application)">Sigil</a></li>

<li><a href="Writer2epub" title="Writer2epub">Writer2epub</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Vendors</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Commercial</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="Apple_Books" title="Apple Books">Apple Books Store</a></li>

<li><a href="Kindle_Store" title="Kindle Store">Amazon Kindle Store</a></li>

<li><a href="Baen_Free_Library" title="Baen Free Library">Baen Free Library</a></li>

<li><a href="Barnes_%26_Noble" title="Barnes & Noble">Barnes & Noble</a></li>

<li><a href="Booktrack" title="Booktrack">Booktrack</a></li>

<li><a href="BookWalker" title="BookWalker">BookWalker</a></li>

<li><a href="Feedbooks" title="Feedbooks">Feedbooks</a></li>

<li><a href="Google" title="Google">Google</a>

<ul><li><a href="Google_Play" title="Google Play">Google Play</a></li>

<li><a href="Google_Books" title="Google Books">Google Books</a></li></ul></li>

<li><a href="Jarir_Bookstore" title="Jarir Bookstore">Jarir.com</a></li>

<li><a href="Kobo_Inc." title="Kobo Inc.">Kobo Bookstore</a></li>

<li><a href="Sony_Reader" title="Sony Reader">Sony Reader Store</a></li>

<li><a href="Smashwords" title="Smashwords">Smashwords</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Noncommercial</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="Aozora_Bunko" title="Aozora Bunko">Aozora Bunko</a></li>

<li><a href="Faded_Page" class="mw-redirect" title="Faded Page">Faded Page</a></li>

<li><a href="HathiTrust" title="HathiTrust">HathiTrust</a></li>

<li><a href="Internet_Archive" title="Internet Archive">Internet Archive</a></li>

<li><a href="Project_Gutenberg" title="Project Gutenberg">Project Gutenberg</a>

<ul><li><a href="Project_Gutenberg_Australia" title="Project Gutenberg Australia">Australia</a></li>

<li><a href="Project_Gutenberg_Canada" title="Project Gutenberg Canada">Canada</a></li></ul></li>

<li><a href="Standard_Ebooks" title="Standard Ebooks">Standard Ebooks</a></li>

</ul>

</div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Related</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="Academic_journal_publishing_reform" title="Academic journal publishing reform">Academic journal publishing reform</a></li>

<li><a href="Book" title="Book">Books</a></li>

<li><a href="Braille_e-book" title="Braille e-book">Braille e-book</a></li>

<li><a href="Comparison_of_e-readers" title="Comparison of e-readers">Comparison of ebook readers</a></li>

<li><a href="Comparison_of_iOS_e-reader_software" title="Comparison of iOS e-reader software">Comparison of iOS ebook reader software</a></li>

<li><a href="Comparison_of_Android_e-reader_software" title="Comparison of Android e-reader software">Comparison of Android ebook reader software</a></li>

<li><a href="E-book_lending" title="E-book lending">E-book lending</a></li>

<li><a href="Electronic_publishing" title="Electronic publishing">Electronic publishing</a></li>

<li><a href="IBooks_Author_Conference" class="mw-redirect" title="IBooks Author Conference">iBooks Author Conference</a></li>

<li><a href="International_Digital_Publishing_Forum" title="International Digital Publishing Forum">International Digital Publishing Forum</a></li>

<li><a href="Kindle_single" title="Kindle single">Kindle single</a></li>

<li><a href="Reflowable_document" title="Reflowable document">Reflowable document</a></li>

<li><a href="Self-publishing" title="Self-publishing">Self-publishing</a></li>

<li><a href="Semantic_publishing" title="Semantic publishing">Semantic publishing</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>

<div class="navbox-styles"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox authority-control" aria-label="Navbox388" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Authority control databases: National </th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://d-nb.info/gnd/1192149440">Germany</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div></div><div><div class="zim-footer">

This article is issued from <a class="external text" title="Last edited on 2025-08-06" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/?title=Wikisource&oldid=1304428742">Wikipedia</a>. The text is available under <a class="external text" href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/deed.en">Creative Commons Attribution-Share Alike 4.0</a> unless otherwise noted. Additional terms may apply for the media files.

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